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【摘要】 目的 觀察手足口病(HFMD)患兒IL-18與Th1型細(xì)胞因子IL-1、IL-8及Th2型細(xì)胞因子IL-4、IL-10的水平變化,并探討手足口病發(fā)病的分子機(jī)制。 方法 選取2011年10月~2014年3月收治住院并診斷為HFMD患兒46例作為病例組,其中普通病例40例(普通病例組),重癥病例6例(重癥病例組), 選取同期經(jīng)過(guò)健康體檢中心體檢的健康幼兒40例作為對(duì)照組,采用形態(tài)觀察、ELISA法檢測(cè)各細(xì)胞因子水平、淋巴細(xì)胞凝膠電泳觀察手段進(jìn)行研究。 結(jié)果 與對(duì)照組比較,病例組表皮層增厚,血管增生、擴(kuò)張,伴有炎癥細(xì)胞浸潤(rùn)、表皮細(xì)胞碎片。與對(duì)照組比較,普通病例組和重癥病例組的IL-18、IL-1、IL-8、IL-4、IL-10水平均顯著升高(P<0.01)。通過(guò)淋巴細(xì)胞凝膠電泳觀察到,病例組彗星細(xì)胞比對(duì)照組多。 結(jié)論 IL-18可能通過(guò)影響Th1型、Th2型細(xì)胞因子水平對(duì)Th1/Th2平衡進(jìn)行調(diào)控而參與手足口病發(fā)病機(jī)制,IL-18有可能作為臨床干預(yù)手足口病的潛在靶點(diǎn)。 【關(guān)鍵詞】 白細(xì)胞介素18;手足口;細(xì)胞因子 【Abstract】 Objective To observe the changes of levels of IL-18,Th1 cytokines (IL-1 and IL-8) and Th2 cytokines(IL-4 and IL-10) of children with hand-foot-mouth disease(HFMD),and to investigate the molecular mechanism of HFMD. Methods 46 children who were admitted to hospital and diagnosed with HFMD were collected as case group,among which 40 normal cases were selected as normal case group,and 6 severe cases were selected as severe case group.And 40 healthy children proved by physical examination in physical examination center in the same period were selected as control group.Then,morphologic changes of skin lesion was observed,levels of cytokines was tested by ELISA,damage of lymphocyte was observed by gel electrophoresis. Results Compared with the control group,epidermis of the cases group thickened,blood vessels proliferated and expanded,associating with inflammatory cell infiltration and epidermal cells fragments.Levels of IL-18, IL-1, IL-8,IL-4 and IL-10 of both normal case group and severe case group significantly increased comparing with those of the control group(P<0.01).Observation of lymphocytes gel electrophoresis showed that the case group had more comet cells than the control group. Conclusion IL-18 might regulate Th1/Th2 balance by affecting the levels of cytokine of type Th1 and Th2,which might be the part of the molecular mechanism of HFMD,and IL-18 is expected to become the potential molecule in the targeted therapy of HFMD. 【Key words】 interleukin-18;hand-foot-mouth disease;cytokines 手足口病(hand-foot-mouth disease,HFMD)是一種兒科常見(jiàn)的傳染病,由多種腸道病毒引起,以 5 歲以下兒童發(fā)病為主[1],其感染所致疾病多以發(fā)熱和手、足、口腔等部位的皮疹或皰疹為主要特征。柯薩奇病毒A16型(coxsackievirusA16,CoxAl6)和腸道病毒7l型(enterovirus71,EV71)是引起HFMD的最常見(jiàn)病原[2],HFMD確切的發(fā)病機(jī)制仍不清楚,病毒感染后可致機(jī)體細(xì)胞免疫功能紊亂,體液免疫功能受損等諸多病理改變[3]。白細(xì)胞介素18(Interleukin-18,IL-18)主要由活化的單核-巨噬細(xì)胞產(chǎn)生,能促進(jìn)多種免疫細(xì)胞的增殖和分化,從而明顯提高機(jī)體的免疫功能,增強(qiáng)機(jī)體抗腫瘤、抗病毒、抗炎癥能力[4],被認(rèn)為是靶向調(diào)節(jié)Th1/Th2平衡的重要因子。本研究通過(guò)檢測(cè)HFMD患兒IL-18表達(dá)、Th1型細(xì)胞因子IL-1、IL-8以及Th2型細(xì)胞因子IL-4、IL-10的水平變化,從IL-18調(diào)控細(xì)胞免疫、體液免疫和炎癥反應(yīng)角度探討HFMD的可能病理機(jī)制。
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